Industrial Regions, Corridors and Policy
Major industrial regions
| Region | Core | Industries |
|---|---|---|
| Mumbai-Pune | Mumbai, Pune, Nashik, Surat | Cotton, chemicals, engineering, petrochemicals |
| Hugli | Kolkata, Howrah, Haldia | Jute, engineering, chemicals |
| Ahmedabad-Vadodara (Gujarat) | Ahmedabad, Vadodara, Surat, Jamnagar | Textiles, oil, petrochemicals |
| Chotanagpur | Jamshedpur, Bokaro, Dhanbad, Ranchi | Steel, coal, heavy engineering |
| Madurai-Coimbatore-Bengaluru | Textiles, engineering, electronics | |
| Delhi-NCR | Gurugram, Noida, Faridabad | Automobile, electronics, services |
| Vishakhapatnam-Guntur | Steel, shipbuilding, fertiliser | |
| Kollam-Thiruvananthapuram | Agro-based, tourism, light industry |
Industrial corridors and policy
- Delhi-Mumbai Industrial Corridor (DMIC): 1,483 km along the Western Dedicated Freight Corridor; the Dholera and Shendra-Bidkin hubs.
- Amritsar-Kolkata Industrial Corridor; Chennai-Bengaluru; Bengaluru-Mumbai; Visakhapatnam-Chennai (VCIC); East Coast Economic Corridor.
- National Industrial Corridor Development Programme: 11 corridors and 32 projects (check latest).
- Smart cities; SEZs: Kandla (the first, 1965 as an EPZ), Mundra, Noida, Sri City, Mohali.
- Technology and Biotech parks: Hinjewadi (Pune), Genome Valley (Hyderabad).
- Special packages in J&K and the north-east: New Central Sector Scheme for J&K 2021 (Rs 28,400 crore); the North East Industrial Development Scheme.
- PLI in electronics, pharma, auto, textiles, solar, white goods.
- Industrial Disputes Act 1947 is now part of the Industrial Relations Code 2020.
Problems and prospects
- Power shortages, infrastructure gaps, land acquisition, pollution and regional imbalance.
- Opportunities: Make in India, China-plus-one, demographic dividend.
Keep practising
Notes are only half the work. Test yourself with questions and discuss doubts with other aspirants.
Prepared for exam revision from NCERT, standard geography textbooks, the Census of India 2011, the India State of Forest Report, IMD, Ministry of Agriculture and other official sources. Maps are schematic teaching maps, not Survey of India maps, and zone boundaries are approximate. Figures such as production, capacity, counts of parks and ports, and census status change, so check the latest official source before relying on them. Found a mistake? Tell us.