Minerals and Mining
| Mineral | Where |
|---|---|
| Limestone | Udhampur, Reasi, Doda, Kathua (cement) |
| Gypsum | Reasi, Doda, Udhampur |
| Bauxite | Udhampur, Reasi |
| Lignite and coal | Kalakot (Rajouri) |
| Granite, marble, dolomite | Various districts |
| Sapphire | Paddar, Kishtwar |
| Lithium | Salal-Haimana (Reasi); first lithium inference in India (GSI, 2023, about 5.9 million tonnes inferred) |
| Borax, sulphur, geothermal | Puga valley (Ladakh) |
Governance and reform
- Mining moved from open auction to e-auctioning: 238 minor-mineral (RBM) blocks auctioned and 204 leases granted since 2020-21 (Economic Survey 2025-26).
- Controls on illegal mining: Integrated Mining Surveillance System (IMSS), RFID and GPS tracking, on-the-spot e-challans, revised royalty and penalties.
Keep practising
Notes are only half the work. Test yourself with questions and discuss doubts with other aspirants.
Prepared for exam revision from the J&K Economic Survey 2025-26, J&K Budget 2026-27, PRS Legislative Research, NITI Aayog and replies in Parliament and the Legislative Assembly. Figures are advance estimates or latest available and official replies sometimes differ, so check the latest Economic Survey and Budget before relying on them. Found a mistake? Tell us.